April - 2025 (Volume-15 ~ Issue-4)

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Research Paper

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Evaluation of Analgesic & AntiInflammatory Activity Using Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Yucca aloefolia & Drosera peltata on Experimental Animals

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India

Authors

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Dr. Mehnoor Farheen, Maliha asif, Syeda Qadar Unnisa, Aisha Zareen Nawaz, Naseerah Maryam, Afshan Shadab Baig

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01-16

Ethanolic extracts of Yucca aloifolia and Drosera peltata can be used as effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications since they have considerable effects on pain and inflammation. The extraction procedure of extricates was acquired using maceration process, resulting in ethanolic extracts of plants in a brief span, revealing the phytochemical elements like alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, saponins, sterols. Aspirin was used as a conventional treatment for pain and inflammation. Both DPEE and YAEE were used at 200 mg/kg separately, but their combined use—that is, YAEE DPEE at 200 mg/kg—showed more significance........

Keywords : Analgesic Activity, Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Drosera peltata, Yucca aloifolia.

[1]. Vickers A. Toolbox Herbal medicine. BMJ 1999, 319:1050-1053.2013: 453-468
[2]. The Anatomy and Physiology of nervous system by Ross and Wilson ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY in Health and Illness eleventh edition
[3]. Mai JK, Paxinos G, editors The human nervous system Academic press, 2011 Dec
[4]. Harsh Mohan Textbook of pathology , JP brothers medical publisher 2005, 6th edition
[5]. Healing and repair. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/science/inflammation/additional-info#history


Paper Type

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Research Paper

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Nature's Multitasker: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial & Antihelminthic Potentials of Mansoa Alliaceae In Herbal Cream

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India

Authors

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Sirisha Kudulla, V.R.S.L.Asritha Kukunuri, Meenakshi Devi Mudunuri, Akshay Kumar Voosala, Nagaraju Yalampati, Dr.Y.B.Manju Latha, Dr.V.Bhaskara Raju

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17-32

"Mansoa alliacea (garlic vine)" a medicinal plant belongs to the "Bignoniaceae family" and is well known in traditional medicine for its many therapeutic uses, which include anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, antioxidant, and antihelminthic properties. The plant's distinctive garlic-like smell and important pharmacological qualities are caused by its abundance of phytochemicals, which include flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and organosulfur compounds. Immune modulation, neuroprotection, and gastrointestinal health are just a few of the health advantages linked to these bioactive chemicals.........

Keywords : Garlic vine, traditional medicine, anti-helminthic, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, immune modulation, neuroprotection.

[1]. Samuelsson, G. Drugs of Natural Origin: A Textbook of Pharmacognosy.
[2]. Kong, K. W., et al. (2017). "Pharmacological activities of garlic vine." Pharmacognosy Review.
[3]. Harborne, J. B. Phytochemical Methods.
[4]. Samanta, A., et al. (2018). Journal of Ethnopharmacology.
[5]. Rosa, A. D. C., et al. (2011). Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia.


Paper Type

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Research Paper

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Systemic Bias in In-Process Moisture Measurement Between Halogen Moisture Analyzer and Vacuum Drying Oven During Dry Cannabis Flower Production

Country

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Macedonia

Authors

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Blagoj Nikolov, Suzana Apostolovska, Dejan Pejoski

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33-38

This study evaluates the performance of a Halogen Moisture Analyzer (HMA) in determining moisture content (%MC) in dry cannabis flowers, as In-Process Quality Control of the drying and curing production processes in comparison with Vacuum Drying Oven (DO) method, as per Ph.Eur. 2.2.32 and Ph.Eur. Cannabis Monograph No. 3028. Using 24 homogenized samples, moisture content (%MC) was measured in parallel with both methods. The HMA, operating at 105°C, yielded a mean %MC of 10.33% (SD = 0.61; RSD = 5.94%), while the DO method (40°C, 24-hour drying) reported 6.87% (SD = 0.57; RSD = 8.25%), revealing a systematic bias (Δ%MC = 3.46%) attributed to HMA-induced evaporation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as terpenes.........

Keywords : Moisture content, cannabis, Halogen Moisture Analyzer (HMA), Drying Oven (DO), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Quality Control.

[1]. European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare, European Pharmacopoeia, 11th ed. Strasbourg: EDQM, 2023.
[2]. Mettler-Toledo AG, "Measuring moisture in cannabis flower: Fast results with moisture analyzers," Greifensee, Switzerland, 2024.
[3]. K. E. Ileleji et al., "Comparison of standard moisture loss-on-drying methods for the determination of moisture content of corn distillers dried grains with solubles," J. AOAC Int., vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 825–832, 2010.
[4]. A. Kwaśnica et al., "Volatile composition and sensory properties as quality attributes of fresh and dried hemp flowers (Cannabis sativa L.)," Foods, vol. 9, no. 8, p. 1120, 2020.
[5]. E. M. Russo, "Taming THC: Potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects," Br. J. Pharmacol., vol. 163, no. 7, pp. 1344–1364, 2011.


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Research Paper

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An Overview to the Technique of Reverse-Phase Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Its Use in Pharmacy

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Authors

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xxx

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39-51

A lot of lipid species in biological samples, especially human plasma and serum, can be quantified using the reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (RP-UHPLC/MS) approach. Lipids from 23 subclasses are separated using a C18 bridged ethylene hybrid (BEH) column (150 x 2.1 mm; 1.7 μm) with a 25-minute run time. Resolution of isobaric and isomeric lipid forms is made possible by lipid species separation. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the positive ion mode is employed for targeted lipidomic analysis utilizing a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.........

[1]. Van Deemter JJ, Zuderweg FJ, Klinkenberg A. Longitudinal diffusion and resistance to mass transfer as causes of non-ideality in chromatography. Chemical Engineering Science, 1956; 5(6): 271-289.
[2]. Wu N, Lippert JA, Lee ML. Practical aspects of ultrahigh pressure capillary liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromotography A, 2001; 911(1):1-12.
[3]. Unger KK, Kumar D, Grun M, Buchel G, Ludtke S, Adam T, Scumacher K, Renker S. Synthesis of spherical porous silica in the micron and submicron size range: Challenges and opportunities for miniaturized high resolution chromatographic and electrokinetic separations. Journal of Chromatography A, 2000; 892(1-2): 47-55.
[4]. Mazzeo JR, Neue UD, Kale M, Plumb RS. Advancing LC performance with smaller particles and higher pressure. Analytical Chemistry, 2005; 77(23): 460A-467A.
[5]. Gerber F, Krummen M, Potgeter H, Roth A, Siffrin C, and Spoendlin C. Practical aspects of fast reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography using 3 microm particle packed columns and monolithic columns in pharmaceutical development and production working under current good manufacturing practice. Journal of Chromatography A. 2004; 1036: 127-133


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Research Paper

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Antibiotic resistance: The overlooked threat in typhoid fever treatment in Nigeria

Country

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Nigeria

Authors

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Okoye Amarachi Blessing

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52-54

Typhoid, also referred to as typhoid fever, is one of the most prevalent diseases in many low and middle-income countries, and it is caused by the rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica subtype Typhi (S. Typhi). This organism belongs to the Enterobacterales family. Among its symptoms are high temperature, lethargy, nausea, abdominal pain, and irregular bowel motions.1 Clinical symptoms are considered when access to the required diagnostics is scarce, such as in endemic regions. However, several infectious diseases exhibit comparable clinical manifestations

[1]. Masuet-Aumatell C, Atouguia J. Typhoid fever infection - Antibiotic resistance and vaccination strategies: A narrative review. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021;40:101946. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101946
[2]. Meiring JE, Khanam F, Basnyat B, Charles RC, Crump JA, Debellut F, et al. Typhoid fever. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2023;9(1):71. doi:10.1038/s41572-023-00480-z
[3]. World Health Organization. Typhoid: Vaccine Preventable Diseases Surveillance Standards. Geneva: WHO; 2018.
[4]. Antillon M, Saad NJ, Baker S, Pollard AJ, Pitzer VE. The relationship between blood sample volume and diagnostic sensitivity of blood culture for typhoid and paratyphoid fever: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect Dis. 2018;218(Suppl 4):S255–S267. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiy471
[5]. Ohanu ME, Iroezindu MO, Maduakor U, Onodugo OD, Gugnani HC. Typhoid fever among febrile Nigerian patients: Prevalence, diagnostic performance of the Widal test and antibiotic multi-drug resistance. Malawi Med J. 2019;31(3):184–92. doi:10.4314/mmj.v31i3.4