Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Exopolysaccharide Producing Potential of Indigenous White Rot Fungi From Foot Hill Forests of Lower Shivalik Ranges of Chandigarh
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Deepika Malik || Deepak K. Rahi || Vijay Prabha
Page No.	::	01-07

White Rot Fungi Are Known To Produce Highly Value Added Exopolysaccharides (EPS) On Virtues Of Their Structural And Functionalnature. However, Till Date Only Hands Of Fungi Have Been Explored For Their Potential To Produce EPS,Especially The Wood Rot Group Have Not Been Given A Deserved Attention Despite Their Tremendous Diversity In Various Habitats Of India. Foot Hill Forests Of Lower Shivalik Ranges Of Himalaya Of Chandigarh Capital Region Are An Important Biodiverse Region Harbouring A Great Diversity Of White Rot Fungi. In Present Investigation A Total Of Sixteen Important Fungal Isolates Of White Rot Group Have Been Reported From These Forests.All Of Them Have Been Identified Tentatively Upto Genus Level On The Basis Of Morphological And Microscopical Characteristics And Isolated Into Pure Culture..........

 

Keywords: Indigenous; White Rot Fungi;Pleurotuspulmonarius; 18s RNA Sequencing;Exopolysaccharides Production.

[1] . N.S. Atri, A.Kaur, H. Kaur, Wild Mushrooms: Collection And Identification, In: Rai RD, Upadhyay RC, Sharma SR (Ed.),Frontiers In Mushroom Biotechnology, (NRCM Chambaghat, Solan, 2005) 9-26.
[2] . R. Singer, Theagaricales In Modern Taxonomy, 4 (Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Germany, 1986).
[3] . A.Kornerup, J.H. Wanscher, Metheun Handbook Of Colours,3( Eyre Methuen, London, 1987)1-252.

[4] . D.L. Largent, How To Identify Mushrooms To Genus I: Macroscopic Features(Mad River Press, Eureka., 1977).

[5] . R. Singer, Fungi Of Northern Brazil, Publ Inst Micol. 304, 1961, 3-26.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Cyclosporine in Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis - Effective Rescue for the Economically Challenged
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Atul Kumar Sood || Manish Manrai || Atul Jha
Page No.	::	08-10

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with upto a fourth patients suffering from acute exacerbation of their disease. Steroids have been the mainstay of therapy but 30-40% patients are resistant to steroids, requiring either infliximab or cyclosporine. We describe three cases of severe acute UC were managed with cyclosporine (parenteral followed by oral) in patients who were refractory to steroids and one patient was even refractory to infliximab. These three patients responded well to cyclosporine and were in clinical and endoscopic remission on follow up. The management of severe UC with cyclosporine highlights a viable, cost effective alternative to biological therapy in such cases.

 

Keywords: Acute Severe Ulcerative colitis, Cyclosporin, Infliximab, Steroids.

[1]. Dinesen LC, Walsh AJ, Protic MN, et al. The pattern and outcome of acute severe colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2010; 4: 431–37.
[2]. Dayan B, Turner D. Role of surgery in severe ulcerative colitis in the era of medical rescue therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2012;18:3833-3838.
[3]. Park SC, Jeen YT. Current and emerging biologics for ulcerative colitis. Gut Liver 2015;9:18-27.
[4]. Lichtiger S, Present DH, Kornbluth A et al.. Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy. N Engl JMed 1994; 330: 1841-1845.
[5]. Sjöberg M, Walch A, Meshkat M et al. Infliximab or cyclosporine as rescue therapy in hospitalized patients with steroid refractory ulcerative colitis: a retrospective observational study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18 : 212-218.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Antimicrobial Potential and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Study of Tabernaemontana Divaricata (L.) Stem Bark Extract Against HEK 293 Cell Line
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mrinal Kumar Baishya || Kandarpa Kr. Saikia || Naba Kr. Hazarika || Debabrat Baishya || Deep Jyoti Das
Page No.	::	11-18

Resistance of antibiotics against pathogenic microbes is a growing clinical concern, and the spread of resistant strains worldwide has been discombobulating public health. The ability of most infectious microbes evolving antimicrobial resistance necessitates discovery of novel antimicrobial agents from natural sources. The present study was focused on identification of multi drug resistant (MDR) microorganisms of clinical isolates and that were subjected to methanolic extracts of Tabernaemontana divaricata stem bark crude extract for antimicrobial efficacy by agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical analysis and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing were also determined................

 

Keywords: Antimicrobial, multi drug resistant (MDR), phytochemicals, GC-MS analysis, cytotoxicity

[1]. World Health Organization: Traditional medicine: 2008.http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs134/en/.
[2]. Marathe NP , Rasane M H , Kumar H, Patwardhan AA , Shouche Y S and Diwanay S S. In vitro antibacterial activity of Tabernaemontana alternifolia (Roxb) stem bark aqueous extracts against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2013; (12) 12-26.
[3]. Gopinath SM, Suneetha TB, Mruganka VD, Dayananda K.S, Ananda S. Chemical prophylaxis and antibiodiagram of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L) leaves against the causative organisms of bovine mastitis isolated from clinical and sub clinical samples. Int J Pharm. Bio. Sci 2012 ; (3) 539-543.
[4]. Cheruiyot KR , Olila D , and Kateregga J. In-vitro antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants from Longisa region of Bomet district, Kenya. Afr Health Sci. 2009; (9) S42–S46.
[5]. Rahman Md Ashikur, Md. Hasanuzzaman, Rahman. Md. Fofizur, Shahid IZ, Roy SM. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of study of leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L). Int Res Journal of pharmacy 2011; 2(6) 123-127.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Comparison of Pharmaceutical-Technological Properties of Commercially Available Ranitidine Tablets
Country	::	Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors	::	Jasmina Hadžiabdić || Aida Bureković || Amra Demirović || Ognjenka Rahić || Alisa Elezović
Page No.	::	19-31

In this work, we compared the pharmaceutical-technological characteristics of ranitidine hydrochloride film coated tablets (tablets R1, tablets R2) of different manufacturers as well as the influence of excipients of the core tablet and/or film-coating. The results of assay (R1=97.55% ± 1.81%; R2=95.03% ± 0.82%), uniformity of dosage units (R1=267.55 mg ± 4.96 mg; R2=308.75 mg ± 2.67 mg), friability testing (R1=0.037%; R2=0.009%) and disintegration time (R1=239 sec; R2=317 sec) of tablets for both generic drugs meet pharmacopoeial requirements.................

 

Keywords: Characterization, excipients, pharmaceutical equivalents, ranitidine, tablets

[1]. L. Shargel, I. Kanfer, Introduction to generic drug product development, in L. Shargel, I. Kanfer (Eds.), Generic drug product development: solid oral dosage forms (New York: Marcel Dekker, 2005) 1-16.

[2]. S. Mastan, T.B. Latha, and S. Ajay, The basic regulatory considerations and prospects for conducting bioavailability/bioequivalence (BA/BE) studies-an overview, Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research, 2011 (1), 2011, 1-25.

[3]. A.H. Kibbe, Generic drugs and generic equivalency, in J. Swarbrick (Ed.), Encyclopedia of pharmaceutical technology, 3 (New York: Informa Healthcare, 2007) 1891-1896.

[4]. S. Dunne, B. Shannon, C. Dunne, and W. Cullen, A review of the differences and similarities between generic drugs and their originator counterparts, including economic benefits associated with usage of generic medicines, using Ireland as a case study, BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 14(1), 2013, 1-19.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	PMNL Cell Phagocytosis Activity Alters with Poly-Herbal Formulation in Diabetic Patients
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Mohammad Nadeem Khan
Page No.	::	32-40

One of the major complications of diabetes weakens the immune system, which puts the diabetic person at risk for difficult-to-treat and persistent infections and delayed healing of wounds, especially the feet. Phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) is the first line of defense against any infection. Diabetics are more prone to long lasting infections due to several reasons, the most important of them is impaired phagocytosis. We evaluated the change in Phagocytosis activity by using of a poly-herbal formulation in diabetic patients, Subjects were divided into four groups, Group I (NH), were normal healthy subjects, Group II (DI), were diabetics, group III (TTD) was tolbutamide treated diabetic patients, group IV (HFTD), were diabetic patients receiving combination herbal formulation in the, dosage of 5 g. /Day for 4 weeks..................

 

Keywords: Nmv, Pmnl Opsonization, Phagocytosis, Nitro Blue Tetrazolium

[1]. Stadelmann, W.K., Digenis, A.G. and Tobin, G.R. (1998) : Impediments to wound healing. Am J Surg. (176), PG. 395 475.
[2]. Rosenberg, C.S. (1990): Wound healing in the patient with diabetes mellitus. Nurs. Clin. North. Am. (25), Pg. 247 – 261.
[3]. Griffin, F.M. Jr; Luben, R.A. and Golde, D.W. (1984): A human lymphokine activates macrophage C3 receptors for phagocytosis. J. Leukocyte. Biol, (36), Pg. 95 –109.
[4]. Winoccour, P.D. and Bryszewska, M. et.al, (1990): Reduced membrane fluidity in platelets from diabetic patients. Diabetes, (39), Pg. 241 – 244.
[5]. Wiley, J.S. and Cooper, R.A. (1975): Inhibition of cation transport by cholesterol ensichment of human red cell membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (413), Pg. 425 – 431.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Mutual Diffusion Studies of Bovine Serum Albumin in Water at Different Concentrations and pH with Laser Beam Deflection Technique
Country	::	India
Authors	::	Dhanya N P || Sasikumar P R
Page No.	::	41-46

Eventhough the structural studies of protein with various methods is flourishing fast; the application of laser beam deflection sensor to study the diffusion mechanism in Albumin Bovine Serum-Water system is not yet reported. Diffusivity of the globular protein Albumin in water is relevant in drug delivery, pharmacology and many medicinal fields. Here we well enforced Laser Beam Deflection technique with a fanned out laser beam from a semiconductor diode laser to study the diffusion mechanism with varying pH, temperature and concentration. Laser beam deflection technique based on Fickian laws of diffusion is proved to be an efficient technique with less investment. Even if there is not a remarkable change in the diffusion in the temperature range from 293 K to 303K, the pH variations alter the diffusion process of protein considerably which signal the structural change of Bovine Serum Albumin from linear to globular.

 

Keywords: Laser Beam Deflection, Diffusion coefficient, Bovine Serum Albumin, concentration gradient, structural variation of protein

[1] Cussler E L 1997 Diffusion: Mass Transfer in Fluid systems, 2nd edn( Cambridge : Cambridge University Press)
[2] Jost W 1969, Diffusion in solids, Liquids, Gases (New York: , Academic Press)
[3] Crank J 1975 The Mathematics of Diffusion 2nd Edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
[4] Ghez R 2001 Diffusion Phenomena: Cases and Studies ( New York: Kluwer)
[5] Bochner N and Pipman J 1976 A simple method of determining diffusion constants by holographic interferrometry J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 9 1825-30

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Methanolic Extract of Tonna dolium (L.1758)
Country	::	India
Authors	::	P.Subavathy || R.D.Thilaga || A.Bavani Saraswathy || S.Jeya Ruby
Page No.	::	47-51

Marine invertebrates offer a rich source of potential drugs with excellent biological activities. The present study was aimed at investigating the wound healing effect of methanolic extract of Tonna dolium (L.1758) using excision, incision and dead space wound model. Wound healing activity was evaluated in different concentrations prepared as simple ointment base BP using four groups of six Wistar albino rats in each model with povidone iodine (5%) as the standard drug. The Wound healing was assessed by a rate of wound contraction, tensile strength and histological changes. Topical application of the methanolic extract ointments of T.dolium showed a significant and dose dependent effect on the healing process.

 

Keywords: Tonna dolium, methanolic extract, wound healing activity, povidone iodine

[1] Builders PF, Kabele-Toge B, Builders M, Chindo B, Anwunobi P and Isimi Y. Wound healing potential of formulated extract from hibiscus sabdariffa calyx. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2013; 75 (1) : 45-52.
[2] Hajiaghaalipour F, Kanthimathi MS, Abdulla MA and Sanusi J. The effect of camellia sinensis on wound healing potential in an animal model. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013; 7: Article ID 386734.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Effect of Breath'In On Oxidative Pulmonary Damage and Fibrosis in A Rodent Model
Country	::	USA
Authors	::	Kallolika Mondal || Kishor J || Vidya ON || Shivalinge Gowda KP || Shanaz Tejani- Butt || Nataraj Loganayaki || Khader Shareef KS || Venkateswarlu K
Page No.	::	52-57

Aim: The present study evaluated theprotective effects of Breath'In, on oxidative damage and fibrosis in the lungs of rats. Method: Pulmonary damage and fibrosis was induced in female Sprague Dawley rats using CCl4 (3 ml/kg b.w. i.p., 20% v/v CCl4/olive oil) for 28 days. The role of Breath'In in reversing the effects of CCl4 was studied by measuring the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and collagen in lung tissues. Results: The results showed that CCl4 exerted its toxic effects on lung tissue by decreasing the levels of SOD, CAT and GSH. In contrast, co-administration of Breath'In reversed the CCl4 induced decreases in SOD, CAT and GSH levels. While CCl4 led to a significant increase in collagen deposition, treatment with Breath'In led to a significant decrease in collagen deposition.................

 

Keywords: Breath'In, collagen, pulmonary damage, fibrosis and CCl4.

[1] Gross TJ, Hunninghake GW. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 2001;345:517-25.
[2] Moore BB, Hogaboam CM. Murine models of pulmonary fibrosis. American Journal of Physiology, 2008;294:152-60.
[3] Suzuki S, MatsukuraS, Takeuchi H. Increase in reactive oxygen metabolite level in acute exacerbations of asthma. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology, 2008;146:67-72.
[4] Kim HJ, Odendhal S, Bruckner JV. Effect of oral dosing vehicles on the acute hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 1990; 102:34-49.
[5] Zhang HQ, Yau YF, Szeto KY. Therapeutic effects of Chinese medicine formula DSQRL on experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2007; 109:543-546.

Paper Type	::	Research Paper
Title	::	Ethyl Alcohol Extract of Hizikia Fusiforme Synergistically Enhances Apoptosis In TRAIL-Administrated Hep3B Cells
Country	::	Republic of Korea
Authors	::	Chang-Hee Kang || Wisurumuni Arachchilage Hasitha Maduranga Karunarathne || Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda || Yung Hyun Choi || Seungheon Lee || Gi-Young Kim
Page No.	::	58-65

Edible brown algae, Hizikia fusiforme has been used as traditional medicinal herbs for a long time in East Asian countries. Ethyl alcohol extract of H. fusiforme (EAHF) possesses cancer invasion and metastasis; however, whether EAHF enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis is not still understood. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which EAHF triggers TRAIL-induced apoptosis. High dosages (40 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml) of EAHF significantly downregulated cell proliferation, and increased DNA fragmentation, sub-G1 phase, and annexin V+-cell populations in response to TRAIL. The combined treatment with EAHF and TRAIL also increased apoptotic protein................

 

Keywords: Hizikia fusiforme, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, reactive oxygen species, death receptor 5

[1] Wu GS. TRAIL as a target in anti-cancer therapy. Cancer Lett. 2009; 285(1): 1–5.
[2] Sheridan JP, Marsters SA, Pitti RM, Gurney A, Skubatch M, Baldwin D, Ramakrishnan L, Gray CL, Baker K,
[3] Wood WI, Goddard AD, Godowski P, Ashkenazi A. Control of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by a family of signaling and decoy receptors. Science 1997; 277(5327): 818–821.
[4] Sprick MR, Weigand MA, Rieser E, Rauch CT, Juo P, Blenis J, Krammer PH, Walczak H. FADD/MORT1 and caspase-8 are recruited to TRAIL receptors 1 and 2 and are essential for apoptosismediated by TRAIL receptor 2. Immunity 2000; 12(6): 599–609.