High cholesterol in the blood is the main risk factor of arterial blockage which is directly related to atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular diseases. Torbangun (Coleus amboinicusLour) contains phenolic compounds, especially quercetin which act as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antihypercholesterolemicactivity of Torbangun leaf aqueous extract in woman with hypercholesterolemia. This study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, with 30 subjects placed in two groups, viz, experimental (CC group) and placebo (PC group). The first group received one capsules of CC (each capsule contains 500 mg extract) while the second group received one capsules of placebo (comprised of 500 mg fillers) one times daily, for 30 days for both groups. Total cholesterol (TC) was measured by GCU an automated analyzer. Oral administrationof Torbangunleaf..........

Keywords: Antihypercholesterolemic, Torbangun (Coleus amboinicusLour).

[1]. Bhatnagar D, Soran H, Durrington PN. Hypercholesterolaemia and Its Management. BMJ.2008; 337: a993.
[2]. Trogdon, Justin G., et al. The economic burden of chronic cardiovascular diseasefor major insurers. Health promotion practice. 2007; 8.3: 234-242.
[3]. B. P. Atshaves, G. G.Martin, H. A. Hostetler, A. L.McIntosh, A.B. Kier, and F. Schroeder.Liver fattyacid-binding protein andobesity.Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2010. vol. 21, no. 11,pp1015-1032.
[4]. Global Health Observatory, Geneva: World health Organization.http://www.who.int/gho/en/.Accessed 10Jan 2017.
[5]. Stapleton PA, Goodwill AG, James ME, D'Audiffrent AC, Frisbee JC. Differential impact of familialhypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia on vascular wall and network remodeling inmice. Microcirculation. 2010; 17:47-58.

There has been increasing demand of molecular diagnostic tools to channel disease management, from diagnosis to treatment, particularly in the fields of infectious diseases, cancer and congenital abnormalities. A lot of information is required on the genetic level which has led to the rapid expansion of molecular techniques within clinical laboratories across globe. Advanced molecular methods have capability of detection of pathogenic isolates at genomic level so early and precise diagnosis of diseases. Various promising techniques having potential of detection at molecular level have been implemented in the laboratories since last decade such as PCR, other DNA and hybridization based approaches like PCR-RAPD, PCR-RFLP. FISH technique can provide valuable understanding of physiological and pathological processes by identifying the expression level and localization of specific miRNA within individual cells in tissue section.

Keywords: ...........

[1]. Afzal H, Zahid K, Ali Q, Sarwar K, Shakoor S, et al. Role of Biotechnology in Improving Human Health. J Mol Biomark Diagn. 2016; 8: 309. Doi.10.4172/2155-9929.1000309
[2]. Acharya T,Kennedy R, Daar AS and Singer PA. Biotechnology to Improve Health in Developing Countries - A Review. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 2004; Vol. 99(4): 341-350.
[3]. Malhotra S, Sharma S, Bhatia NJK, Kumar P and Hans C. Molecular Methods in Microbiology and their Clinical Application.J Mol Genet Med. 2014, 8:4
[4]. Procop GW. Molecular Diagnostics for the Detection and Characterization of Microbial Pathogens.CID.2007; 45:S99–111.
[5]. Gutti RK, Bhaskarrao Chinthapalli B and Vijaya Chitra DS. How biotechnology will change healthcare? Int. Res. J. Biotechnol.2013; 4(4): 68-75.

High cholesterol in the blood is the main risk factor of arterial blockage which is directly related to atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular diseases. Torbangun (Coleus amboinicusLour) contains phenolic compounds, especially quercetin which act as antioxidants. This study aims to determine the antihypercholesterolemicactivity of Torbangun leaf aqueous extract in woman with hypercholesterolemia. This study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, with 30 subjects placed in two groups, viz, experimental (CC group) and placebo (PC group). The first group received one capsules of CC (each capsule contains 500 mg extract) while the second group received one capsules of placebo (comprised of 500 mg fillers) one times daily, for 30 days for both groups. Total cholesterol (TC) was measured by GCU an automated analyzer. Oral administrationof...........

Keywords: Antihypercholesterolemic, Torbangun (Coleus amboinicusLour).

[1]. Bhatnagar D, Soran H, Durrington PN. Hypercholesterolaemia and Its Management. BMJ.2008; 337: a993.
[2]. Trogdon, Justin G., et al. The economic burden of chronic cardiovascular diseasefor major insurers. Health promotion practice. 2007; 8.3: 234-242.
[3]. B. P. Atshaves, G. G.Martin, H. A. Hostetler, A. L.McIntosh, A.B. Kier, and F. Schroeder.Liver fattyacid-binding protein andobesity.Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2010. vol. 21, no. 11,pp1015-1032.
[4]. Global Health Observatory, Geneva: World health Organization.http://www.who.int/gho/en/.Accessed 10Jan 2017.
[5]. Stapleton PA, Goodwill AG, James ME, D'Audiffrent AC, Frisbee JC. Differential impact of familialhypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia on vascular wall and network remodeling inmice. Microcirculation. 2010; 17:47-58.

INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is worldwide public health problem, its incidence and prevalence has increased in recent years both in developing and developed countries. DM is a heterogeneous, etiologic and pathogenic syndrome, characterized by chronic Hyperglycaemia. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is the golden standard for monitoring glycaemic control and its assay provides a measure of chronic glycaemic levels which correlates with the risk of diabetes complications. There is a strong correlation between HbA1c value and risk of chronic complications of DM. Objective: To study the lifestyle pattern and glycosylated haemoglobin complications of diabetic subjects. Methodology: A hospital based observational study was carried out among 90 diabetic subjects required data were collected referring the patient's case record. Interviewed was done using a structural questionnaire to elicit the data collection. Demographic details were taken along with the anthropometric measurements.............

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glycosylated hemoglobin, Lifestyle pattern

[1]. Gunjan kumar Mandal, Jyothrimayi D. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MICROALBUMINURIA AND GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN." Asian J Pharm Clin Res 9, no. 2 (2016): 356-360.
[2]. Michela Incani, Federica Sentinelli, Laura Perra, Maria Grazia Pani, Marta Porcu, Andrea Lenzi, Maria Gisella Cavallo. "Glycated hemoglobin for the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes: Diagnostic impact on obese and lean subjects, and phenotypic." J Diabetes Invest 6, no. 1 (2015): 44-50.
[3]. Dr. C. Tirupathi Reddy, M.D., Dr. B. Suryanarayana, M.D. , Dr. R. Siddeswari, M.D. , Dr. B. Sudarsi, M.D., Dr. S. Manohar, M.D.,Dr. S. Manohar, M.D. "A Study of Correlation of Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio and Lipid Profile in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Subjects." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 5, no. 4 (2015): 1-4.
[4]. Mohan V, S. Sandeep, R. Deepa, B. Shah & C. Varghese. "Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: Indian scenario." Indian J Med Res, 2007: 217-230.
[5]. Dattatreya Adapa, Sarangi TK. "A Review on Diabetes Mellitus: Complications, Management and Treatment Modalities." Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 4, no. 3 (2015): 1-16

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess patient care services using WHO drug use indicators in three district hospitals in rural Rwanda. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 108 patient encounters and records at outpatient departments at three District Hospitals (Kirehe, Rwinkwavu and Butaro) in rural Rwanda between December 2016 and February 2017. Results: Across three District Hospitals, the average consultation time was 10.1 minutes (SD=4.9) compared to the WHO target of at least 10 minutes. The average dispensing time was 222.2 seconds (SD=129.7) compared to the WHO target of >180 seconds. Overall, the percentage of prescribed medicines that are actually dispensed was 88.9% (95% CI: 81.4-94.1) and none of medicine packages was adequately labeled compared to the WHO standard of 100%. The aggregate percentage of patients with adequate knowledge of the correct dosage schedule was 84.3% (95% CI: 76.0-90.5) compared to the WHO target of 100%.............

Keywords: Dispensing, Drug use evaluation, Medicines, Medication counseling, Patient care indicators.

[1]. Hogerzeil HV. Promoting rational prescribing: an international perspective.Br J clin Pharmac 1995; 39: 1-6
[2]. WHO.Policy Perspective on Medicines; Promoting rational use of medicines; Core components, September 2002, Geneva.
[3]. WHO.Rational drug use, dispensing, prescribing, counseling and adherence in ART programs, Conference express in Nairobi, 1995.
[4]. Bimo. Field testing of drug use indicators of INRUD: Report of a field trip to Indonesia, Bangladesh and Nepal. June – July 1991. Cited In: WHO: How to investigate drug use in health facilities: selected drug use indicators.1993 – EDM Research series 007:92.
[5]. Mulugeta TA, Nasir TW, and Raju NJ.Assessment of Patterns of Drug use by using World Health Organization's Prescribing, Patient Care and Health facility indicators in Selected Health Facilities in Southwest Ethiopia,Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 01 (07); 2011: 62-66

Type 2 diabetes is one of the main causes of the development of systemic organ pathology due to severe metabolic abnormalities and is one of the most common and severe pathologies in the modern world, in which the corrected risk factors play a leading role [9,10]. At the same time, risk factors are clearly defined, interrelated and interdependent - an excessive high-calorie diet, leading to excess body weight and a sedentary lifestyle. stressor factor. This "death quartet" triggers the development of irreversible development of systemic organ damage, especially cardiovascular diseases, in the late stages [17,18].. In the early stages, structural disturbances are reversible and the period of the "therapeutic" window avoids fatal violations, provided that the risk factors, especially those of nutritional value, are corrected. Correction of drug disorders in diabetes mellitus is not effective enough, it is associated with the risk of side effects, but their rapid correction in emergency conditions is necessary. The leading role of the food risk factor in the development of metabolic disorders allows the use of non-medicament us methods of correction.

[1]. Abdirahman YA, et al.,The Hypoglycemic Activity and Safety of Aqueous Stem Bark Extracts of Acacia nilotica. Drug Metabolism & Toxicology J Drug MetabToxicol 2015, 6:J 189. doi:10.4172/2157-7609.1000189.
[2]. Al- Rowais NA. Herbal medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.Saudi Medical Journal 2002; 23:1327-1331.
[3]. Al-Asadi JN and Salih N. Herbal remedies use among diabetic patients in Nassyria, Iraq. Middle East Journal of Family Medicine 2012;10(10):38-44.
[4]. Al-Khateeb E, Hamadi SA, Al-HakeemiAAN,. et al Hypoglycemic effect of trigonelline isolated from Iraqi Fenugugreek seeds in normal and Alloxan-diabetic rabbits. European Scientific Journal 2012; 8(3). [Online].
[5]. Belguith-Hadriche O, BouazizM,Jamoussi K, ,et al. Lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects of an ethyl acetate extract of fenugreek seeds in highcholesterolfed rats. J Agric Food Che.2010; 58(4):2116-2122.).

Medicinal plants have been widely used to enhance or regulate fertility in females. Several medicinal plants stimulated normal pituitary reponse of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, improved normal pulsatile secretion of FSH and LH, induced ovulation, enhanced secretion of steroid hormones, possessed estrogenic and progesteronic effects, and directly regulate ovarian function, at least in part by inducing the secretion of cytokine. Also many herbal therapeutics controlled birth. The current review will highlight the medicinal plants used to enhance fertility and to control birth in females, which confirmed experimentally and clinically.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Fertility, Control birth, Contraceptive, females.

[1]. Ushiroyama T. Endocrinological actions of Unkei-to, a herbal medicine, and its clinical usefulness in anovulatory and/or infertile women. Reprod Med Biol 2003; 2: 45–61.
[2]. Taketani Y, Kugu K, Hayashi N, Mizuno M. Action of Unkei-to on cultured rat pituitary cells. In: Hosoya E, Yamamura Y, eds. Recent Advances in the Pharmacology of Kampo (Japanese Herbal) Medicine. Tokyo: Excepta Medica, 1988: 184–190.
[3]. Yasui T, Matsuzaki T, Ogata R et al. The herbal medicine Unkei-to stimulates the secretion of a cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, CINC/gro, in the rat ovarian cell culture. Am J Reprod Immunol 2003; 49: 14–20.
[4]. Brinker F. Inhibition of endocrine function by botanical agents, antigonadotropic activity. Br J Phytother 1997;4:123-145.
[5]. Gark SK, Mathur VS and Chaudhury RR. Screening of Indian plants for anti-fertility activity. Indian J Exp Biol 1978; 16(10):1077-1079.

Medicinal plants have been widely used to enhance or regulate fertility in males. They increased sexual desire (libido), enhanced hormone stimulatory activity (GnRH LH, FSH and testosterone, increased semen volume and increases sperm count, and increased the viability and motility of spermatozoa. On the other hand, large numbers of plants were used as male contraceptive because of their antifertility effects. The current review will highlight the medicinal plants used to enhance fertility in male and that showed male contraceptive effect, which confirmed experimentally and clinically.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, male, Fertility, Contraceptive, hormone

[1]. Subramoniam A, Madhavachandran V, Rajasekharan S and Pushpangadan A. Aphrodisiac properties of Trichopus zeylanius extract in male mice. J Ethnopharmaco 1997;l 57:21–27.
[2]. Kumar SKP, Subramoniam A and Pushpangadan P. Aphrodisiac activity of Vanda tessellata (roxb.) Hook. Ex don extract in male mice. Indian J Pharmacol 2000; 32: 300-304
[3]. Zheng BL, He K, Kim CH, et al. Effect of a lipidic extract from Lepidium meyenii on sexual behavior in mice and rats. Urology 2000; 55:598–602.
[4]. Arletti R, Benelli A, Cavazzuti E, et al. Stimulating property of Turnera diffusa and Pfaffia paniculata extracts on the sexual behaviour of male rats. Psychopharmacology 1999;143:15–19.
[5]. Xu X, Yin H, Tang D, et al. Application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of infertility. Hum Fertil 2003;6:161–168.

Peptic ulcer disease is one of the main sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many medicinal plants showed gastroprotective activity by many mechanisms, in addition some medicinal plants possessed anti Helicobacter pylori activity. This review will discussed the medicinal plants showed gastroprotective activity.

Keywords: Medicinal plants, Peptic ulcer, Gastroprotective, Helicobacter pylori.

[1]. Raju D, Ilango K, Chitra VI and Ashish K. Evaluation of anti-ulcer activity of methanolic extract of Terminalia chebula fruits in experimental rats. J Pharm Sci Res 2009; 1: 101-107.
[2]. Karunakaran R, Ira Thabrew M, Thammitiyagodage GM, Galhena BP and Menuka Arawwawala LDA.
The gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of hot water extract of Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn and its underlyingmechanisms. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017;17(1):312.
[3]. Al-Snafi AE. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review of their gastro-intestinal effects (part 1). Ind J of Pharm Sci & Res 2015; 5(4): 220-232.
[4]. Al-Snafi AE. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review of their gastro-intestinal effects (part 1). Ind J of Pharm Sci & Res 2015; 5(4): 220-232.
[5]. Chakarski I. Clinical study of a herb combination consisting of Agrimonia eupatoria, Hipericum perforatum, Plantago major, Mentha piperita, Matricaria chamomila for the treatment of patients with chronic gastroduodenitis. Probl Vatr Med 1982; 10:78-84.